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Talking about the Harm and Application of Mechanical Vibration in Machinery Indu

Publisher: haian county force casting co., LTD    INPUTTIME:2018-01-02 13:35:00

    This article describes the meaning, type, composition, research content, harm and application of mechanical vibration. Mechanical vibration is widespread in mechanical movements. It has both a positive and negative side to us. We need to use the favorable part, and we must avoid the harmful part.

1 Mechanical vibration

Mechanical vibration is a special form of movement in which the mechanical system reciprocates around an equilibrium position.

From a kinematic point of view, mechanical vibration is the relationship between the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a mechanical system as a function of time near a certain value. If this relationship is definite, then we can use function relations as

Mechanical vibration is based on the mechanical model, applying mathematical analysis, experimental measurement and numerical calculation methods to study the general laws of structural vibration, to solve the vibration problem in practice, it is an extension of the dynamics of materials mechanics.

2 Types of mechanical vibration

According to different research focuses, vibration phenomena can be classified from different perspectives.

Divided into three types according to the type of input (excitation) of the system: free vibration, forced vibration, self-excited vibration. According to the system's output (response) or vibration law is divided into four types: simple harmonic vibration, periodic vibration, transient vibration, random vibration. According to the degree of freedom of the system, it can be divided into three types: single-degree-of-freedom system vibration and multi-degree-of-freedom system vibration. According to the description of the system of differential equations can be divided into two kinds: linear vibration, nonlinear vibration.

3 components of the vibration system

3.1 Quality

In the mechanical model, the mass is abstracted as a rigid body that does not deform. According to Newton's second law of motion, if a force is applied to the mass, the force and mass are proportional to the acceleration obtained in the same direction. Expressed as

3.2 Elasticity

In the mechanical model, the spring is abstracted as a massless linear elastic element. The elastic element provides an elastic force in the vibration system that restores the system to an equilibrium position, also referred to as restoring force. The restoring force is proportional to the relative displacement of the two ends of the elastic element.

3.3 Damping

In the mechanical model, the damper is abstracted as a component with a linear damping coefficient without mass. In a vibratory system, the damping element provides the damping force of the system's motion, which is proportional to the relative velocity of the damper at both ends.

4 Research content of mechanical vibration

With the development of machinery industry and science and technology, products are becoming more and more complicated, the precision is more demanding, and the performance requirements are more stable and efficient. Therefore, the vibration problem has become an important issue that must be resolved.

The main contents of mechanical vibration are: to improve the anti-vibration capability of the mechanical system, to prevent the resonance of the system, to avoid self-oscillation in the system, to reduce vibration and isolation, and to control noise.

5 Harm and Application of Mechanical Vibration

Mechanical vibration in the machinery industry has both a positive and negative side. On the positive side, we must use it; on the part harmful to humans, we must minimize or even avoid it.

There are countless harmful vibration problems in the machinery industry and other industrial sectors. These problems often cause huge losses and bring unimaginable problems to human production and life. It is imperative to study and solve these problems with vibration engineering theory, techniques, and methods.

When the vibration exceeds the allowable range, the vibration will increase, affecting the working performance of the machine parts, causing additional dynamic loads on the parts of the machine and reducing the life of the parts.

For large-scale, high-speed rotary machines, major accidents caused by dynamic instability have occurred several times. Large generator sets can cause complete disintegration in tens of seconds due to the sharply rising vibrations, resulting in large losses. Even accidents at some nuclear power plants abroad are caused by this reason.

In the manufacturing process, due to the existence of mechanical vibration phenomenon, the produced product can not reach the required precision, causing a lot of economic losses.

Accidents caused by vibration in large-scale engineering structures also occur from time to time. Historically, the bridge collapsed due to the resonance phenomenon caused by walking in. In modern times, there have also been accidents where large bridges or cooling towers were broken or collapsed due to "wind-induced vibration." The cause of the hull fracture caused by the vibration of the tanker at sea was caused by mechanical vibration.

In addition, the noise generated by mechanical vibrations also has a great impact on people's physical and mental health. In fact, it can be said that the problem of vibration exists universally in various fields of industrial production and engineering. Since the development of science and technology, today, for many engineering projects, vibration analysis and control has become an important factor in the success of a project.

At the same time, mechanical vibration has a favorable side. The music that we hear everyday is generated by the vibration of various musical instruments. In the project, many vibrating machines were designed using vibration principles, such as vibratory conveyors, vibratory pile drivers, vibratory screeners, vibratory machines, vibratory machines, and so on.

5 Conclusion

The problem of mechanical vibration is widespread in the mechanical industry. The harm caused by it is a problem that we must solve. Therefore, the control and research of mechanical vibration has become an issue that the entire industry must pay attention to. At the same time, mechanical vibration also has a useful side for humans. Humans can use mechanical vibrations to complete different processes. Therefore, mechanical vibration is a double-edged sword. We use it for beneficial aspects, and we must try to avoid as much as possible the damage to our daily lives.